martes, 29 de marzo de 2016
Adverbs and Expressions of Frequency.
An adverb of frequency is used to express how often an activity occurs.
Frequency adverbs can be placed at various points in the sentence.
Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb:
I always come to work on time.
I always come to work on time.
Adverbs of frequency go after "be":
They are never pleased to see me.
They are never pleased to see me.
Expressions of frequency (every day, twice a week, once a month etc) usually go at the end of a sentence:
I have English lessons every day.
I have English lessons every day.
The most common frequency adverbs in English are:
The percentages here are rough estimates only.
To say how often something happens, you can use a number or 'several' or 'many', followed by 'times:
- Once a week/month/year
- Twice a year/day
- several times a year
We can also use 'every' + period of time:
- every morning
- every day
- every Tuesday
- every week
- every month
Modal verbs and their meaning
Modal verbs:
- They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"...
- They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive.)
- They are used to indicate modality allow speakers to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, ability
Examples:
I can swim. (Ability)
Can I use your phone please? (Permission)
Can we visit Grandma at the weekend? (Suggestion)
It can get very hot in Arizona. (Possibility)
When I was younger I could run fast. (Ability in the past)
Excuse me, could I just say something? (Polite permission)
May I help you? (Polite suggestion)
You should / ought to revise your lessons. (Advice)
Nationalities in English
Suffixes:
- -ish (English, Danish, British, Turkish, Spanish)
- -ese (Japanese, Chinese, Portuguese, Vietnamese, Taiwanese)
- -ean (Korean, Chilean, Guinean, Singaporean, Zimbabwean)
- -ian (Norwegian, Australian, Belarusian, Canadian, Macedonian)
- -an (American, German, Mexican, Moroccan, Libyan)
- -i (Pakistani, Azerbaijani, Israeli, Somali, Uzbekistani)
- -ic (Icelandic, Greenlandic)
- -er (Icelander )
lunes, 28 de marzo de 2016
MAN IN THE MIRROR.
TRADUCCIÓN:
voy a dar un cambio
por una vez en la vida
voy a sentirme realmente bien
voy a marcar la diferencia
al subirme el cuello
de mi abrigo de invierno favorito
el viento me confunde
veo los niÑos en la calle
sin lo bastante para comer
¿quiÉn soy yo para hacerme el ciego
pretendiendo que no veo sus necesidades?
una mala pasada del verano
una botella rota
y el alma de un hombre solitario
se siguen unos a otros
sobre el viento, ya sabes
porque no tienen a donde ir
por eso quiero que sepas que
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
he sido vÍctima de
un amor tan egoÍsta
es hora de reconocer
que hay alguien sin hogar
sin un cÉntimo que derrochar
¿puedo ser realmente yo
pretendiendo que no estÁn solos?
un sauce resquebrajado
el corazÓn roto de alguien
y un sueÑo olvidado
siguen la pauta
del viento, ya lo ves
porque no tienen a donde ir
por eso estoy empezando conmigo mismo
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
por una vez en la vida
voy a sentirme realmente bien
voy a marcar la diferencia
al subirme el cuello
de mi abrigo de invierno favorito
el viento me confunde
veo los niÑos en la calle
sin lo bastante para comer
¿quiÉn soy yo para hacerme el ciego
pretendiendo que no veo sus necesidades?
una mala pasada del verano
una botella rota
y el alma de un hombre solitario
se siguen unos a otros
sobre el viento, ya sabes
porque no tienen a donde ir
por eso quiero que sepas que
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
he sido vÍctima de
un amor tan egoÍsta
es hora de reconocer
que hay alguien sin hogar
sin un cÉntimo que derrochar
¿puedo ser realmente yo
pretendiendo que no estÁn solos?
un sauce resquebrajado
el corazÓn roto de alguien
y un sueÑo olvidado
siguen la pauta
del viento, ya lo ves
porque no tienen a donde ir
por eso estoy empezando conmigo mismo
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
(si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor)
(Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia)
(tienes que hacerlo bien, mientras haya tiempo)
(porque cuando cierras tu corazÓn)
no puedes cerrar tu...
(entonces cierras tu mente)
tu mente
ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre
ese hombre, el hombre, ya sabes, ese hombre
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
voy a sentirme bien de verdad, sÍ
no, no, no, no
voy a hacer ese cambio
me voy a sentir bien de verdad
vamos
levÁntate
lo sabes, tienes que pararlo tÚ mismo, hermano
tengo que hacer ese cambio, hoy
no puedes, no te puedes dejar, hermano
tienes, tienes que moverte
vamos, vamos
tienes que
levantarte, levÁntate, levÁntate
levÁntate y elÉvate solo, ahora
vas a hacer ese cambio, vamos
lo sabes, lo sabes, lo sabes, lo sabes
haz ese cambio
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
estoy empezando por el hombre del espejo
estoy pidiÉndole que no sea asÍ
y ningÚn mensaje puede ser mÁs claro
(si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor)
(Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia)
(tienes que hacerlo bien, mientras haya tiempo)
(porque cuando cierras tu corazÓn)
no puedes cerrar tu...
(entonces cierras tu mente)
tu mente
ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre, ese hombre
ese hombre, el hombre, ya sabes, ese hombre
si quieres hacer del mundo un sitio mejor
Échate un vistazo a tÍ mismo y cambia
voy a sentirme bien de verdad, sÍ
no, no, no, no
voy a hacer ese cambio
me voy a sentir bien de verdad
vamos
levÁntate
lo sabes, tienes que pararlo tÚ mismo, hermano
tengo que hacer ese cambio, hoy
no puedes, no te puedes dejar, hermano
tienes, tienes que moverte
vamos, vamos
tienes que
levantarte, levÁntate, levÁntate
levÁntate y elÉvate solo, ahora
vas a hacer ese cambio, vamos
lo sabes, lo sabes, lo sabes, lo sabes
haz ese cambio
Expressing purpose; reason/cause; result/effect
Purpose:
Examples:
- We had a meeting today so as to discuss next year's programme.
- He did all he could for her not to worry.
- I moved to France so that I could improve my French.
- Everyone did their best in order to finish the work.
Reason:
Examples:
- Since you don't believe me, I won't give evidence.
- Because of his lack of training he had difficulties finding a job.
- He gave him his jacket out of pity.
- On account of the weather we didn't go for a walk.
- Billy was punished for lying to his teacher.
- Owing to the snow,the planes couldn't take off.
- As you are a foreigner you can't express your opinions on the situation in the area.
- Seeing that you aren't interested I' ll do it by myself.
Result:
Examples:
- He missed the early train, as a result he was too late for the job interview.
- The result of his trial, therefore, could hardly have been other than a foregone conclusion.
- If he locked the door, then Kitty is trapped inside.
Phrasal Verbs with TAKE
Take to – adopt as a habit; develop a liking for
Take something over – succeed to the management or ownership of
Take somebody or something for – consider to be, especially wrongly suppose to be
Take somebody down – lower his pride
Take something down – lower
Take something over – succeed to the management or ownership of
Take somebody or something for – consider to be, especially wrongly suppose to be
Take somebody down – lower his pride
Take something down – lower
Take something back – withdraw something (one has said)
Take something out on somebody - Treat an innocent person badly because you are tired or angry about something else
Take somebody through something - Explain something to somebody in detail
Take somebody up on something - Accept an offer or invitation
Take something up with somebody - Complain to someone about a problem
English for Describing Your Mood
Mood:
1. A particular state of mind or emotion: news that put us in a good mood.
2. A pervading impression of an observer: the somber mood of the painting.
3. An instance or spell of sulking or angry behavior: A friend's visit lifted him out of his mood.
4. Inclination; disposition: I'm in the mood for ice cream.
In a bad mood:
sad; depressed; grouchy; with low spirits. He's in a bad mood. He may yell at you. Please try to cheer me up. I'm in a bad mood.
In no mood to do something:
not feeling like doing something; not wishing to do something. I'm in no mood to cook dinner tonight. Mother is in no mood to put up with our arguing.
In the mood (for something) and in the mood (to do something):
having the proper state of mind for a particular situation or for doing something. I'm not in the mood to see a movie tonight. Are you in the mood for pizza?
Words to describe mood:
Idioms describing feelings and mood:
"All Right" and "Alright". “All Together” and “Altogether”. “All Ready” and “Already”.
All Right vs Alright
All right has multiple meanings. It can mean ok, acceptable, unhurt.
The single word spelling alright has never been accepted as standard.
Some would even argue that, through common usage, alright is becoming more acceptable than all right. The makers of TV show It'll be alright on the night are known to have considered It'll be all right on the night, but opted for the former as a more modern version.
All Together vs Altogether
The adverb altogether means wholly, to the full extent, or with everything considered.
Examples: I left him altogether convinced that the project will end on time.
Examples: I left him altogether convinced that the project will end on time.
The term all together pertains to when a group acts or is acted upon collectively. (Of note, there can be other words betweenall and together.)
Examples: I want you to sing all together. (I want you all to sing together.)
Examples: I want you to sing all together. (I want you all to sing together.)
All ready vs Already
All ready - all prepared
Example: We were all ready to leave
Alreay - prior to a specified or implied time
Example: She has already graduated
Adjectives ending in ED and ING
Adjectives that end ‘-ed’ (e.g. ‘bored’, ‘interested’) and adjectives that end ‘-ing’ (e.g. ‘boring’, ‘interesting’) are often confused.
Adjectives ending in -ed show what has happened to a person or thing.
Adjectives ending in -ing show the effect which something has on a person or thing.
Example: If you meet someone who makes you laugh then he is amusing. You are always amused when you speak to him.
Compare the difference:
- My girlfriend is bored. - (My girlfriend feels bored)
- My girlfriend is boring. - (My girlfriend is a boring person)
- I am confused. - (I don't understand something)
- I am confusing. - (I will cause you to be confused)
-ed / -ing adjectives:
Causative verbs: Help, Let, Make, Have and Get.
Causative verbs show us that some person or thing helps to make something happen; they express what causes an action to happen.
Here are some specific examples of how causative verbs work in English sentences.
Stressed out.
"Stressed Out"
I wish I found some better sounds no one's ever heard,
I wish I had a better voice that sang some better words,
I wish I found some chords in an order that is new,
I wish I didn't have to rhyme every time I sang,
I was told when I get older all my fears would shrink,
But now I'm insecure and I care what people think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
We're stressed out.
Sometimes a certain smell will take me back to when I was young,
How come I'm never able to identify where it's coming from,
I'd make a candle out of it if I ever found it,
Try to sell it, never sell out of it, I'd probably only sell one,
It'd be to my brother, 'cause we have the same nose,
Same clothes homegrown a stone's throw from a creek we used to roam,
But it would remind us of when nothing really mattered,
Out of student loans and treehouse homes we all would take the latter.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Used to play pretend, used to play pretend, bunny
We used to play pretend, wake up, you need the money
Used to play pretend, used to play pretend, bunny
We used to play pretend, wake up, you need the money
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
I wish I had a better voice that sang some better words,
I wish I found some chords in an order that is new,
I wish I didn't have to rhyme every time I sang,
I was told when I get older all my fears would shrink,
But now I'm insecure and I care what people think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
We're stressed out.
Sometimes a certain smell will take me back to when I was young,
How come I'm never able to identify where it's coming from,
I'd make a candle out of it if I ever found it,
Try to sell it, never sell out of it, I'd probably only sell one,
It'd be to my brother, 'cause we have the same nose,
Same clothes homegrown a stone's throw from a creek we used to roam,
But it would remind us of when nothing really mattered,
Out of student loans and treehouse homes we all would take the latter.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
My name's 'Blurryface' and I care what you think.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Wish we could turn back time, to the good ol' days,
When our momma sang us to sleep but now we're stressed out.
Used to play pretend, used to play pretend, bunny
We used to play pretend, wake up, you need the money
Used to play pretend, used to play pretend, bunny
We used to play pretend, wake up, you need the money
We used to play pretend, give each other different names,
We would build a rocket ship and then we'd fly it far away,
Used to dream of outer space but now they're laughing at our face,
Saying, "Wake up, you need to make money."
Yo.
Cultural Mistakes to Avoid When Travelling
Why?
France – Asking about money is considered impolite in many countries, but the French are particularly sensitive about the subject.
Ukraine – People in Ukraine as well as in most Slavic countries bring even number of flowers to the cemeteries.
New Zealand – Honking the horn in New Zealand is generally used to insult another driver.
India – PDA (public display of affection) such as kissing or holding hands is forbidden because it is considered to be something highly inappropriate.
Japan – The Japanese are incredibly proud to provide the best service as standard without waiting for the tips.
Mexico – Mexicans love to make jokes and they are generally innocent, so they treat it that way.
Norway – Many people don’t go to church at all and such a question would be considered rude to ask.
Turkey – This is seen as being an obscene gesture in Turkey.
UK – Such behaviour is considered very rude.
Ireland – Many Irish people don’t actually think they have any accent at all.
Germany – People believe that the person may not live to see the birthday in question if congratulated beforehand.
Kenya – It’s only ok to do it after someone has called you by your name first.
Chile – Manners are everything.
Singapore – Don’t feed birds and don’t throw garbage and don’t spit on the street.
USA – Tipping is considered to be obligatory in the US.
Italy – You can order it in a restaurant, but in such case be ready for the surprised look from your waiter. Italians drink cappuccino for breakfast, espresso for the rest of the day.
Hungary – Though it’s an old habit, some people still prefer to avoid clinking glasses especially when drinking beer.
China – It brings bad luck.
GYM
To Shape Up – When you want to improve your body and make it look better, you can say that you want to shape up.
To Get in Shape – This is like “shape up” and when you say that you want to improve your body you can say that you want to get in shape.
To Pump Iron – When you lift weights up and down at the gym, to make your muscles bigger, you can say that you are pumping iron.
Push Ups – Push ups are when you push your body up and down while you face the ground.
Sit Ups – Sit ups are a good way of make your stomach muscles stronger.
Chin Ups or Pull Ups – When you pull your body up off the ground, it is called a chin up or a pull up.
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